A new study has warned that rising temperatures could drive thousands of additional deaths in Pakistan as extreme heat intensifies and access to cooling remains limited.

The Climate Impact Lab, based at the University of Chicago, said climate-driven warming could cause about 430,000 extra deaths each year globally by 2050.

The study identified 18 countries trapped in a “mortality-cooling trap,” where deadly heat combines with weak access to affordable cooling.

Pakistan is among the countries most at risk. The report said 89 percent of the country’s population could live in affected regions, with more than 150,000 additional temperature-related deaths a year possible by 2050.

Experts said the threat is not only about electricity supply but also about affordability, unreliable grids and unequal access to air conditioning and efficient cooling systems.

They warned that many households cannot afford the equipment or the electricity needed to run it.

The study also recommended stronger heat action plans, better early warning systems, improved power networks, urban greening and public cooling spaces to reduce future losses.

Energy specialists said renewable power can help, but Pakistan still needs broader policy reforms to make cooling affordable and protect vulnerable communities from deadly heat.

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